Le bl\u00e9 (Triticum aestivum L.) est une culture vivri\u00e8re de base dont la production mondiale annuelle d\u00e9passe 650\u00a0millions de tonnes sur plus de 215\u00a0millions d\u2019hectares r\u00e9colt\u00e9s. Au Canada, la production annuelle de bl\u00e9 atteint plus de 23\u00a0millions de tonnes, soutenant une industrie agricole qui repr\u00e9sente plus de 4,5\u00a0milliards de dollars par ann\u00e9e. La production de bl\u00e9 d\u2019hiver au Canada est principalement concentr\u00e9e en Ontario, plus particuli\u00e8rement dans le sud-ouest de la province. Avec plus de 400\u00a0000\u00a0hectares r\u00e9colt\u00e9s annuellement, le bl\u00e9 d\u2019hiver produit en Ontario repr\u00e9sente plus de 77\u00a0% de la production totale de bl\u00e9 d\u2019hiver au Canada. Un certain nombre de facteurs biotiques et abiotiques menacent la productivit\u00e9 et la qualit\u00e9 \u00e9lev\u00e9es du bl\u00e9 d\u2019hiver de l\u2019Ontario. Parmi les facteurs biotiques limitant le rendement, la fusariose de l\u2019\u00e9pi (principalement attribuable \u00e0 Fusarium graminearum) est la maladie qui a provoqu\u00e9 le plus de d\u00e9g\u00e2ts en Ontario au fil du temps. Au cours des derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, de grands progr\u00e8s ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9s dans la compr\u00e9hension des g\u00e8nes du bl\u00e9. La publication d\u2019une \u00e9bauche de s\u00e9quence de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence annot\u00e9e, robuste et de haute qualit\u00e9 pour le bl\u00e9 constitue une avanc\u00e9e r\u00e9cente majeure. Ces progr\u00e8s offrent aux scientifiques qui \u00e9tudient le bl\u00e9, y compris les g\u00e9n\u00e9ticiens et les s\u00e9lectionneurs, de grandes possibilit\u00e9s d\u2019augmenter l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 des am\u00e9liorations g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques du bl\u00e9. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9montr\u00e9 que la capacit\u00e9 de pr\u00e9dire le rendement d\u2019une lign\u00e9e de bl\u00e9 donn\u00e9e \u00e0 partir de son ADN \u00e9tait l\u2019une des applications potentielles de la g\u00e9nomique dans le domaine de la s\u00e9lection v\u00e9g\u00e9tale. Ce projet de recherche vise \u00e0 utiliser l\u2019\u00e9tat actuel des connaissances en g\u00e9nomique et en g\u00e9n\u00e9tique du bl\u00e9 pour int\u00e9grer la pr\u00e9diction g\u00e9nomique dans un programme de s\u00e9lection actif. L\u2019\u00e9quipe de recherche tentera \u00e9galement d\u2019utiliser les technologies de pointe de la t\u00e9l\u00e9d\u00e9tection pour \u00e9tablir un syst\u00e8me de balayage \u00e0 distance \u00e0 haut d\u00e9bit et ensuite d\u00e9terminer les lign\u00e9es sup\u00e9rieures. Ces technologies, coupl\u00e9es \u00e0 une approche de s\u00e9lection acc\u00e9l\u00e9r\u00e9e mise au point par le programme de s\u00e9lection du bl\u00e9 de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Guelph, devraient permettre d\u2019am\u00e9liorer consid\u00e9rablement l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 et la rapidit\u00e9 des gains g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques dans la s\u00e9lection du bl\u00e9. Dans les trois ann\u00e9es qui suivront ce projet, nous aurons mis au point avec succ\u00e8s de nouvelles m\u00e9thodes avanc\u00e9es d\u2019analyse et de diagnostic par t\u00e9l\u00e9d\u00e9tection \u00e0 l\u2019aide de technologies g\u00e9nomiques qui nous permettront de cibler des lign\u00e9es g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques appropri\u00e9es qui, apr\u00e8s des essais suppl\u00e9mentaires sur le terrain, pourront \u00eatre mises sur le march\u00e9 au cours des deux ann\u00e9es suivantes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Le bl\u00e9 (Triticum aestivum L.) est une culture vivri\u00e8re de base dont la production mondiale annuelle d\u00e9passe 650\u00a0millions de tonnes sur plus de 215\u00a0millions d\u2019hectares r\u00e9colt\u00e9s. Au Canada, la production annuelle de bl\u00e9 atteint plus de 23\u00a0millions de tonnes, soutenant une industrie agricole qui repr\u00e9sente plus de 4,5\u00a0milliards de dollars par ann\u00e9e. La production de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"project-categories":[],"genome-competitions":[221],"project-sector":[],"genome_centres":[108],"class_list":["post-2682","project","type-project","status-publish","hentry","genome-competitions-programme-de-partenariats-pour-les-priorites-regionales-p3r","genome_centres-ontario-genomics-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n